Confirmation
In Western Europe during the Middle Ages, the anointing with oil that was part of baptism in the early church was detached from the baptismal rite and eventually became the distinct sacred action known as confirmation for largely practical reasons. The almost accidental origins of this separation have led to much controversy and reexamination. The issues raised by a separate rite of confirmation are closely related to catechism and the nurture of children within the context of the church. This section examines these matters.…
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Chapters & Articles in Confirmation (4)
Large dioceses in northern Europe during the early Middle Ages made it difficult for bishops to be present at the b…
A number of relatively clear theological assumptions under gird the liturgies of confirmation used by a variety of …
Many church traditions which practice infant baptism also celebrate confirmation, public profession of faith, or re…
The following article presents guidelines for planning a confirmation service, based on theological, pastoral, and …